OVERVIEW: Mine & Obstacle Avoidance systems for submarines are short to medium-range active sonar systems developed to detect underwater mines, seabed terrain, and obstacles in real time. They are critical for submerged navigation in contested or cluttered waters, especially at low speeds or in littoral zones.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION: These sonar systems are designed for submarine platforms to enable safe submerged navigation by detecting mines, underwater structures, and seafloor features ahead of the vessel. Installed in the bow or on the sail, they use forward-looking, high-frequency active sonar with real-time imaging. Their integration supports minefield transit, under-ice operations, and approach to confined coastal areas. Initially deployed from the late 1970s onward, they have since evolved with improvements in resolution, range, and processing power.

ROLE SUMMARY:
Category: Submarine Navigation and Obstacle Avoidance Sonar
Primary Use: Detection and avoidance of underwater threats and terrain
Function: Forward-looking active sonar imaging and warning
Platform: Integrated on diesel-electric and nuclear-powered submarines

See Specific information under [Sensors/EW] and [Properties] sections

SOURCE:
NATO CMRE Publications
Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)